National Aluminium Company Limited, abbreviated as NALCO, (incorporated 1981) has units in Odisha at places like Angul and Damanjodi. It was incorporated as a public sector enterprise of the Ministry of Mines, Government of India in 1981.

It is Asia's largest, and the sixth largest, integrated aluminium complex, encompassing bauxite mining, alumina refining, aluminium smelting and casting, power generation, rail and port operations.

Commissioned during 1985–87, NALCO produced and exported alumina and aluminium.

The main units of NALCO are at Damanjodi (Mines & Refinery complex) and Nalconagar, Angul (Smelter & Power Plant Complex). The Bauxite mines called "Panchpatmalli Mines" is situated atop a set of five mountains called Panchpatmalli. These mines are open cast mines. The refinery complex for producing bauxite is located in Damanjodi. The smelter unit of NALCO is located in Nalconagar, Angul. The company's headquarters are located in Bhubaneswar, which is the capital of the Indian state of Odisha.

It is expanding by currently employing new projects. The ongoing second phase of expansion is set to make it the sixth largest producer of the metal in the world. The recent disinvestment issues, for the alumina giant, finally settled down after the central government decided not to disinvest profit making PSUs which meant that NALCO would not be privatised and continue to be a complete Govt of India Enterprise PSU.

The Company received Indira Priyadarshini Vrikshamitra Award from Govt. of India for its contribution in the field of afforestation and wasteland development. The 1200 MW Captive Thermal Power Plant of the Company also received the prestigious Indira Gandhi Paryavaran Puraskar for the year 2000 from Govt. of India for its outstanding contributions in the field of environment management. The Company and its Units have received various National, State and Institutional awards for excellence in Safety & Environment Management[citation needed].

Nalco received ISO 9001:2000 awards and OHSAS 140001 for its excellence in production technology & occupational health & safety systems respectively.